How to use CNC milling machine?

CNC milling machine is a kind of automatic processing equipment developed on the basis of ordinary milling machine. The machining process of the two is basically the same, and the structure is also somewhat similar. There are two kinds of CNC milling machine without tool magazine and tool magazine. CNC milling machine with tool magazine is also called CNC machining center. So how to use CNC milling machine?

1. Components of a CNC Milling Machine

2. CNC milling machine operating procedures

3. Care and Maintenance of CNC Milling Machine

1. Components of a CNC Milling Machine

Regardless of the number of types of CNC milling machines, each type has the same basic functions - interface, column, knee, saddle, table, spindle, mandrel, ram and machine tool. The interface is the source of information for the machine tool, downloading data from the CAD and providing instructions for manufacturing the desired shape. The parts of the machine tool are its physical characteristics and structure. The column is the main support member with a base that connects to the spindle to hold the mandrel. The adjustable ram slides back and forth to increase movement along the X and Y axes. A secondary function of the column is to mount additional components, such as an oil or coolant tank. The support mechanism for the table and saddle is the knee. The saddle allows the table to be moved parallel to the spindle and leveled. The workpiece is placed on the table and held in place by a clamping mechanism. The mandrel is where the milling cutter is attached and fixed. Mandrels come in different lengths and diameters, which change depending on the process and application to be performed. The final component of the milling machine is the cutter, which is held in place by the spindle and is used to remove material from the workpiece. Milling tools are available in various types and can be selected according to the workpiece to be manufactured. Milling tools come in various sizes, shapes and designs. Milling tools can be categorized into several types, including the number, arrangement and spacing of teeth, material composition, length, diameter and geometry.

2. CNC milling machine operating procedures

(1) The operator should be familiar with the composition, structure and use of the environment of the CNC milling machine used, and operate the machine strictly in accordance with the requirements of the machine operating instructions, and try to avoid malfunctions caused by improper operation.

(2) When operating the CNC machine tool, dress correctly as required to avoid danger.

(3) Clear the obstacles and gauges on the table, guideway, sliding surface, etc., before starting the machine, and remove the clamping tools in time. Check whether the mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic and other operating handles, valves, switches, etc. are in non-working position, and check whether the tool holder is in non-working position. Check whether the oil quantity in the box is within the prescribed range, and add oil according to the lubrication diagram or instruction manual.

(4) Switch on and off the machine in order, first turn on the CNC machine tool and then turn on the CNC system, first turn off the CNC system and then turn off the machine tool.

(5) After turning on the machine, return to the reference point to establish the machine coordinate system.

(6) When manually moving the table along the direction of X and Y axes, the Z-axis must be in a safe height position, and pay attention to observe whether the tool moves normally during the moving process.

(7) Correctly align tools, determine workpiece coordinate system, and check data.

(8) After the program is input, it should be carefully checked, including checking the code, instruction, address, numerical value, symbol, decimal point and syntax to ensure correctness.

(9) After the program debugging is completed, check the program, tool, fixture, workpiece, parameters, etc. again for correctness before formal cutting and machining.

(10) After the tool complement value is input, the tool complement number, compensation value, symbol and decimal point should be carefully checked.

(11) Clamp and use the tool according to the process regulations and program. Before carrying out formal machining, the input program and parameters should be carefully checked and the program should be run on a trial basis to prevent the tool from colliding with the workpiece during machining and damaging the machine tool and the tool.

(12) When clamping the workpiece, check whether the fixture interferes with the movement of the tool.

(13) When test cutting, the feed multiplier switch must be placed in low gear. When the tool moves to the workpiece 30-50mm, the feed hold must be performed to verify that the Z-axis remaining coordinate values and X and Y-axis coordinate values are consistent with the machining program data.

(14) After sharpening the tool and changing the tool, the tool length should be re-measured and the tool offset value and tool offset number should be modified.

(15) After program modification, the modified part should be carefully calculated and double-checked to avoid errors as much as possible.

(16) For manual continuous feeding operation, it is necessary to check whether the position selected by each switch is correct, determine the positive and negative directions, and then operate.

(17) Let the machine idle for more than 15 minutes after power on to make the machine reach thermal balance.

(18) After machining is completed, move the X, Y, and Z axes to the middle position of the stroke and place the spindle speed and feed multiplier switches in the low position to prevent the machine from malfunctioning due to misoperation. Misoperation.

(19) Once abnormal conditions are found during machine operation, press the red emergency stop button immediately to terminate all movements and operations of the machine. After troubleshooting, you can re-operate the machine and execute the program.

(20) when loading and unloading tools, first hold the tool handle, and then press the tool switch; when installing tools, make sure that the tool handle is fully seated and tightened and then loosen the handle. When changing tools, do not allow the spindle to run.

(21) machine alarm, should be based on the alarm number to identify the cause, timely elimination.

(22) After machining, clean up the scene, clean up the iron chips of the CNC machine tool, wipe the surface of the guide rail clean and apply oil to prevent rusting.

3. Care and Maintenance of CNC Milling Machine

CNC milling machine is a high quality and expensive machine. In order to make it work properly for a long time, it should be serviced and maintained regularly. You should consult with the machine manufacturer about the recommended care and maintenance intervals for the milling machine after purchasing the machine. Generally, it is recommended to clean the machine after each use. To do this, it should be wiped with a dry cloth and then with a milling machine cleaning product. However, be careful not to use machine cleaners that contain chemicals, as they can potentially damage the CNC milling machine. The CNC milling machine should be cleaned with compressed air every day after milling. Chips should be thoroughly removed from the milling table and CNC milling machine housing. And we strongly recommend wearing protective eyewear and a breathing mask when machining materials such as carbon. Otherwise, these fine dust particles can cause damage to health. If too much dust accumulates, we recommend using an extraction system for the CNC machine. This will suck the dust directly from the CNC milling machine and prevent excessive buildup. If you follow these maintenance instructions, your CNC milling machine will last longer and your milling machine will be your loyal partner for a long time, bringing you more benefits.

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